Theory notes

Acid-base balance-Lecture 3-(Role of lungs and kidney)

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Normal Acid-Base Homeostasis and Role of Lungs Systemic arterial pH is maintained between 7.35 and 7.45 by extracellular and intracellular chemical buffering together with respiratory and renal regulatory mechanisms. The control of arterial CO2 tension (paCO2) by the central nervous system and respiratory systems and the control of the plasma bicarbonate by the kidneys stabilize […]

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Acid- base balance- Lecture 2 (Role of blood buffers)

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Buffers Buffers are weak acids or bases that are able to minimize changes in pH by taking up or releasing H+. Phosphate is an example of an effective buffer, as in the following reaction: HPO4 2- + (H+)  «H2 PO4 – Upon addition of an H+ to extracellular fluids, the monohydrogen phosphate binds H+ to

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Acid-Base Balance-Lecture-1- Significance of pH

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Acid-base balance An acid is a substance that can donate hydrogen ions (H+), and a base is a substance that can accept H+ ions, regardless of the substance’s charge. H2 CO3 (acid) «H+ + HCO3 – (base) Strong acids are those that are completely ionized in body fluids, and weak acids are those that are

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Frequently asked questions – Acid base balance and imbalance

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Q.1- Explain clearly how hyperventilation and hypoventilation affect blood p H ?  Give suitable examples in support of your answer. Q.2- Explain the role of hemoglobin as a buffer in the maintenance of acid-base balance in the body. Q.3-The maintenance of intracellular pH within narrow limits is essential for life processes. Briefly discuss why this is so and

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